James Tissot, French, 1836–1902 La Femme à Paris: The Bridesmaid, ca. 1883-1885. Oil on canvas. Leeds Museums and Galleries, LEEAG.PA.1897.0015. Image provided courtesy of the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco
Arranged chrono-thematically, James Tissot: Fashion & Faith will trace the extraordinary turns of the artist’s life, as he consistently defied traditional conventions, both professionally and personally. A Frenchman who started out painting medievalized scenes from history and literature, Tissot maintained a complicated friendship with mentee Edgar Degas, went on to adopt an Anglicized version of his name; Jacques, and spent a decade as an expatriate in London, immersing himself in and chronicling modern society. For a time, he ventured into a love affair with the young divorcée Kathleen Newton, who became his model and muse, but, after her tragic premature death, he returned to Paris and spent long periods of productive retreat at his family estate in the French countryside, nurturing a growing, deep commitment to religion.
Tissot’s career spanned the English Channel, garnering commercial and critical success both in London and Paris. Though invited by Degas to exhibit with the Impressionists, Tissot declined. He turned to social events and balls, painting metropolitan life with great attention to detail, humor, and pathos. Upon close study, even his most ebullient society pictures reveal rich and complex commentary on Belle Époque culture, religion, fashion, and politics. The exhibition will include many key modern-life works from his time in London and Paris, such as The Ball on Shipboard (1874), London Visitors (ca. 1874), Holyday (also known as The Picnic; 1876), The Prodigal Son in Modern Life suite (1882), and examples from the La Femme à Paris series (1883–1885).
“James Tissot was technically gifted across a variety of media and he experimented with major trends in art, including Aestheticism and Japonisme, yet his work defies classification and traditional labels,” notes Melissa Buron, exhibition curator and Director of the Art Division at the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco. “For the past few years, my colleagues and I have been on the trail of Tissot, re-examining works and uncovering previously unpublished information that provides insight into his career, including his sales notebook (carnet de ventes) and hundreds of photographs. Drawing from our findings, James Tissot: Fashion & Faith provides new perspectives on where and how Tissot should be considered in the 19th-century canon.”
As was popular during the late 19th century, Tissot dabbled in mysticism and attended Spiritualist séances. His famous mezzotint from the Fine Arts Museums’ collection, The Apparition (1885), depicts the ghost of Kathleen Newton with a spirit guide as they reportedly appeared to Tissot during a séance. This work and the painting on which it is based — long thought to be lost or destroyed until it was rediscovered in the course of researching this project — are both on view in the exhibition.
Though less is known about the last two decades of Tissot’s life, new scholarship has recently shed light on the final 20 years of his career. During that time, he made three trips to the Holy Land and produced hundreds of watercolors to illustrate the Bible. Wildly popular during Tissot’s lifetime, these religious images became known as the “Tissot Bible” and have since influenced filmmakers from D. W. Griffith (Intolerance, 1916) to William Wyler (Ben-Hur, 1959), as well as Steven Spielberg and George Lucas (Raiders of the Lost Ark, 1981). A selection of biblical watercolors have been lent to the exhibition from the Brooklyn Museum and the Jewish Museum, New York.
James Tissot, French, 1836–1902 La Femme à Paris: Ladies of the Chariots, ca. 1883-1885. Oil on canvas, Museum of Art, Rhode Island School of Design, Providence (RISD), 58.186 Image provided courtesy of the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco
Tissot also utilized the relatively new medium of photography by painting from photographs and recording many of his works as well as his home, family, and friends in carefully arranged albums. Photographs from the Fine Arts Museums’ collection in the exhibition, along with recently discovered, never-before-published photographs and a sales notebook published for the first time in the exhibition catalogue, provide a window into Tissot’s life and career, rendering him an artist worthy of reexamination in the 21st century.
James Tissot: Fashion & Faith is on view at the Legion of Honor from October 12, 2019, through February 9, 2020. The exhibition is organized by Melissa Buron, Director of the Art Division at the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco, and Paul Perrin and Marine Kisiel, Curators of Paintings at the Musées d’Orsay et de l’Orangerie, Paris, where the exhibition will be on view from March 23 through July 19, 2020, and Cyrille Sciama, Director of Musée des Impressionnismes Giverny.
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