Poaching
In the early 1990s, trade in Tiger parts was banned worldwide, but Tigers remain in serious danger from illegal wildlife trade — poaching — mainly for their bones for use in traditional Asian medicines, and for their pelts and other body parts, such as teeth, skin and claws, as decorative items.
Many Tigers are also killed because of human-animal conflicts — people seeking to protect life and livestock.
A recent TRAFFIC survey found body parts from an estimated 23 Tigers on sale in Sumatra, where the Critically Endangered population of Tigers is believed to number fewer than 500 animals — the last Tigers left in Indonesia.
In China, several operations are engaged in intensive breeding (“farming”) of Tigers. The owners of such farms are pressuring the government to allow them to produce Tiger products, and at least one farm has been found to sell Tiger bone and meat illegally.
At the 14th Conference of the Parties to CITES delegates called for an end to Tiger farming (the production of Tiger products from captive animals).
Market surveys by TRAFFIC indicate that medicinal use of Tiger bone has decreased since China banned Tiger bone in 1993, but any lifting of the Tiger trade ban would spell disaster for wild Tigers. It would fuel demand for Tiger parts, which would be far cheaper to obtain through poaching than from captive-bred animals.
The captive Tiger population in China is around 5,000 animals; a similar number exists in the United States.
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