![Electron microscope image showing clumps of prion fibers. Electron microscope image showing clumps of prion fibers.](http://www.nih.gov/researchmatters/december2010/images/prions_th.jpg)
Researchers have developed a method for detecting prions that may lead to a practical test for diagnosing the fatal brain conditions caused by these infectious agents.
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![Microscope image showing clusters of red dots scattered among a field of green neurons. Microscope image showing clusters of red dots scattered among a field of green neurons.](http://www.nih.gov/researchmatters/december2010/images/alzheimers_th.jpg)
A protein lost in Alzheimer’s disease may play a key role in memory development, according to a new study in mice. The findings give insight into how brain signals are disrupted by the disease and offer a potential new treatment target.
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December 6, 2010
![Photo of two men. Photo of two men.](http://www.nih.gov/researchmatters/december2010/images/hiv_th.jpg)
A pill that’s currently used to treat HIV infection can also greatly reduce the risk of acquiring HIV among at-risk men. The finding, from a large clinical trial, represents a major advance toward HIV prevention.
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![Photo of dialysis equipment. Photo of dialysis equipment.](http://www.nih.gov/researchmatters/december2010/images/dialysis_th.jpg)
Kidney patients fare better on an almost-daily hemodialysis regimen than on the standard 3-times-a-week plan, according to a new study.
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![Microscope image of blue chromosomes with green dots at tips. Microscope image of blue chromosomes with green dots at tips.](http://www.nih.gov/researchmatters/december2010/images/aging_th.jpg)
Researchers have reversed age-related degeneration in a mouse model of aging. While the findings don't prove that natural aging could be halted or reversed, they may lead to new strategies to combat certain age-related conditions.
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November 22, 2010
![CT scan of a human lung. CT scan of a human lung.](http://www.nih.gov/researchmatters/november2010/images/ctscan_th.jpg)
A low-dose CT scan can detect lung cancers at relatively early stages and reduce related deaths by as much as 20%, according to a new study. The trial was halted early because of the positive results.
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![Photo of college students gathered on a lawn. Photo of college students gathered on a lawn.](http://www.nih.gov/researchmatters/november2010/images/drinking_th.jpg)
Harmful alcohol use drops among college students when universities and surrounding communities target the places off-campus where drinking occurs, a new study shows.
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![Image of human cells with acute myeloid leukemia. Image of Human cells with acute myelocytic leukemia.](http://www.nih.gov/researchmatters/november2010/images/aml_th.jpg)
Researchers have discovered mutations in a particular gene that affect the treatment prognosis for some patients with an aggressive blood cancer that kills 9,000 Americans annually.
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November 8, 2010
![Illustration of a man’s head with images of Michael Jackson and Marilyn Monroe inside. Illustration of a man’s head with images of Michael Jackson and Marilyn Monroe inside.](http://www.nih.gov/researchmatters/november2010/images/mind_th.jpg)
The activity of just a few brain cells can control the display of pictures on a computer screen, according to a new study. The finding sheds light on how single brain cells contribute to attention and conscious thought.
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