Did Teenage 'Tyrants' Outcompete Other Dinosaurs? "Dinosaur communities were like shopping malls on a Saturday afternoon jam-packed with teenagers"

They found a strikingly clear pattern:

"There is a gap - very few carnivorous dinosaurs between 100-1000kg [200 pounds to one ton] exist in communities that have megatheropods," Schroeder said. "And the juveniles of those megatheropods fit right into that space."

Schroeder also notes that looking at dinosaur diversity through time was key. Jurassic communities (200-145 million years ago) had smaller gaps and Cretaceous communities (145-65 million years ago) had large ones.

"Jurassic megatheropods don't change as much; the teenagers are more like the adults, which leaves more room in the community for multiple families of megatheropods as well as some smaller carnivores," Schroeder explained. "The Cretaceous, on the other hand, is completely dominated by Tyrannosaurs and Abelisaurs, which change a lot as they grow."

To tell whether the gap was really caused by juvenile megatheropods, Schroeder and her colleagues rebuilt communities with the teens taken into account. By combining growth rates from lines found in cross-sections of bones, and the number of infant dinosaurs surviving each year based on fossil mass-death assemblages, the team calculated what proportion of a megatheropod species would have been juveniles.

Schroeder explained that this research is important because it (at least partially) elucidates why dinosaur diversity was lower than expected based on other fossil groups. It also explains why there are many more very large species of dinosaurs than small, which is the opposite of what would be expected. But most importantly, she added, it demonstrates the results of growth from very small infants to very large adults on an ecosystem.

"Dinosaurs have been a life-long passion. I was, and still very much am a 'dinosaur kid.' My interest in dinosaur diversity came about when I realized that no one was really looking at dinosaurs the way we look at modern mammals and birds," Schroeder said. "There's a ton to be gained from applying the methods of modern and paleo-ecology to dinosaurs. Fortunately, we're now in an age of dinosaur research where a lot of information is available digitally, so the big data-intensive questions of ecology are now becoming more plausible for dinosaur paleontology."

Editor's Note: Additional article in from PLOS ONE:

The first megatheropod tracks from the Lower Jurassic upper Elliot Formation, Karoo Basin, Lesotho

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Did Teenage 'Tyrants' Outcompete Other Dinosaurs? "Dinosaur communities were like shopping malls on a Saturday afternoon jam-packed with teenagers"

Editor's Note: Additional article in from PLOS ONE:

The first megatheropod tracks from the Lower Jurassic upper Elliot Formation, Karoo Basin, Lesotho

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